Cassia Alata/Senna Alata

· Introduction

Senna alata leaves, also known as ringworm bush or akapulko, are widely recognized for their medicinal properties, particularly their antifungal and laxative effects. The leaves contain compounds like chrysophanic acid and anthraquinones, which contribute to their medicinal uses. They are commonly used to treat skin conditions like ringworm, scabies, and other fungal infections, as well as for their laxative properties to relieve constipation.

Senna alata (syn. Cassia alata) is a fast-growing tropical shrub or small tree (up to 5 m) in the legume family, native to the Neotropics (Mexico to Paraguay). It features large pinnate leaves and upright yellow flower spikes resembling candles. Widely cultivated and sometimes invasive beyond its native range, it is prized for both ornamental and medicinal.

· Cultivation in India

Senna alata is extensively grown in India's tropical and subtropical regions—particularly in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Karnataka—favoured in moist soils, along roadsides, gardens, and disturbed sites. There are also dedicated cultivation establishment across 8–10 ha via partnerships with small farmers.

· Uses of Senna alata

• Antifungal: Traditional topical remedy for ringworm, scabies using crushed leaves.
• Laxative: Rich in anthraquinones, leaves or extracts used internally to relieve constipation.
• Medicinal: Employed against wounds, burns, skin ailments, small-scale folk uses across Asia, Africa, Latin America.
• Ornamental: Grown for striking appearance and bee forage.

· Types (Botanical Varieties)

Recognized varieties include Cassia alata var. perennis and var. rumphiana, alongside synonyms like Herpetica alata.

· Botanical Category

Family: Fabaceae (Leguminosae).
Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae.

· Benefits

• Powerful natural antifungal agent (chrysophanic acid).
• Effective, plant-based laxative.
• Attractive ornamental value.
• Supports ecological benefits like biomass production and pollinator support.
• Low-cost, widely accessible traditional remedy.

· Specifications

• Botanical Name: Senna alata (syn. Cassia alata)
• Family: Fabaceae (Caesalpinioideae)
• Plant Part Exported: Dried leaves, pods, powdered extracts
• HS Codes: 12119022, 12119029, 13021919
• Drying Method: Sun or shade drying to moisture <10 %, retaining color and potency
• Particle Size: Whole leaf, T‑cut (2–4 mm), powder
• Purity: Not <98%, free from molds, foreign matter; standardized by exporter
• Moisture Content: ≤10 %
• Ash Content: ≤5 % (typical for herbal export standards)
• Packaging: Heat‑sealed Kraft/PP bags, inner polyethylene liners, 20–50 kg bales
• Shelf-life: 24 – 36 months if properly dried and stored in a cool, dry place

· Packaging Details

• Whole leaves: 20–50 kg heat-sealed Kraft or PP bags with poly-liner.
• Powdered forms: 5–20 kg food-grade foil or laminated bags.
• Bulk orders: HDPE drums or jumbo bags (500–1000 kg).
• Labeling: Include batch number, net weight, botanical name, origin, export/import info, storage directions, and expiry date.

· Keywords

Cassia alata
Senna alata
Ringworm bush
Candle bush
Akapulko plant