CHALLENGE TRANSIT 6 RUE CHARLES BER

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has recently emerged as a potentially transformative workplace technology. The ultimate impact of generative AI on the economy will depend on how many workers adopt the technology, how intensively they use it, and for which tasks. In The Rapid Adoption of Generative AI (NBER Working Paper 32966), researchers Alexander Bick, Adam Blandin, and David J. Deming report on a nationally representative US survey of generative AI adoption at work ...

Climate change poses a critical global challenge, impacting not only the social and geopolitical spheres but also economic activity, asset values, and financial stability. Addressing this complex issue requires a multisector approach, with financial markets playing a crucial role in advancing a sustainable transition. Financial markets can mitigate climate risks by channeling resources into sustainable activities and green innovation while also facilitating adaptation through the sharing of climate risks. The emerging field of “climate finance” studies these and other contributions of the financial sector to climate solutions. This article reviews key findings from our recent work...

In the Netherlands, there are striking socioeconomic differences in mortality among older adults, with a 4.4 percentage point (67 percent) higher five-year mortality rate for 70-year-old individuals with below-median income than for those with above-median income. To better understand the role of chronic disease in these health disparities, Kaveh Danesh, Jonathan T. Kolstad, William D. Parker, and Johannes Spinnewijn develop an index of chronic disease burden in The Chronic Disease Index: Analyzing Health Inequalities over the Lifecycle (NBER Working Paper 32577). This index is a measure...

Social Security Disability (SSD) program beneficiaries, like other consumers, have been negatively affected by inflation over the past several years. In a survey from June of 2023, more than half (59 percent) of SSD program beneficiaries reported higher prices for the disability-related goods and services they need to purchase, and more than one-quarter reported reducing food spending to cover disability-related costs, Zachary Morris and Stephanie Rennane found in Examining the Impact of Inflation on the Economic Security of Disability Program Beneficiaries (NBER RDRC Paper NB23-08).

Using new survey data, the researchers found that 82 percent of beneficiaries reported out-of-pocket expenses related to their disability, with average annual spending of $4,412 and median spending...

Sociologists have argued that “third places” like cafés, which provide opportunities for individuals to socialize and exchange ideas outside of home and work, improve neighborhood life. But what about the relationship between such places and economic activity? In Third Places and Neighborhood Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Starbucks Cafés (NBER Working Paper 32604), researchers Jinkyong Choi, Jorge Guzman, and Mario L. Small use data on US business registrations between 1990 and 2022 from the Startup Cartography Project to examine whether the opening of a Starbucks in a neighborhood with no previous cafés affects local entrepreneurship...

Labor market payoffs to workers with associate degrees in healthcare and STEM occupations in Massachusetts are both high, but they appear to increase the proportion of students in STEM but not healthcare programs, Richard J. Murnane, John B. Willett, Aubrey McDonough, John P. Papay, and Ann Mantil find. 

Estimating the impact of employer-imposed vaccine mandates at 581 nursing homes, Ashvin Gandhi, Ian Larkin, Brian McGarry, Katherine Wen, Huizi Yu, Sarah Berry, Vincent Mor, Maggie Syme, and Elizabeth White find mandates resulted in a staff reduction of less than two minutes per patient-day and directly led to less COVID transmission and lower patient mortality. 

Using UK offshore oil exploration data, Charles Hodgson finds that removing free-riding incentives and strengthening property rights over exploration-well data would increase the rate of exploration. 

Exogenous increases in remittances accessible to the Tamil Tigers significantly increased their fighting strength in the Sri Lankan Civil War and may have prolonged the war, a study by Barthélémy Bonadio, Andrei A. Levchenko, Dominic Rohner, and Mathias Thoenig finds.

Using 1900 and 1910 census data, Grant Miller, Jack Shane, and C. Matthew Snipp find that the assimilation and land allotment policies of the Dawes Act of 1887 increased American Indian child and adult mortality and shortened life expectancy by at least 20 percent. 

Recent citations of NBER research in the media

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