FRITO-LAY INC

(; ) is an American food company that manufactures, markets, and sells. It began in the early 1930s as two companies, and , who merged in 1961. Frito-Lay itself merged with in 1965 to create. The primary snack food brands produced under the Frito-Lay name include corn chips, cheese-flavored snacks, and tortilla chips, and potato chips, pretzels, and potato crisps (in the UK and Ireland). Each brand generated annual worldwide sales over $1 billion in 2009. Through Frito-Lay, PepsiCo is the largest globally distributed snack food company, with sales of its products in 2009 comprising 40 percent of all "savory snacks" sold in the United States, and 30 percent of the non-U. S. market. In 1932, -born Charles Elmer Doolin, manager of the Highland Park Confectionery in , Texas, purchased a recipe, a handheld , and 19 retail accounts from a corn chip manufacturer for $100, which he borrowed from his mother. Doolin distributed the Fritos in 5¢ bags. Daily sales totaled $8 to $10 and profits averaged about $2 per day. In 1933 the production of Fritos increased from 10 pounds to nearly 100 pounds due to the development of a hammer press. By the end of the year, production lines were operating in and. The Frito Company headquarters also moved to Dallas to capitalize on the city's central location and better availability of raw materials. In 1939, the company purchased Fluffs pork skins and incorporated the Dallas business. Alice Rupe, who was one of Fluffs' original six all-woman crew, was placed in charge of operations. In 1940, she was named assistant treasurer and manager; in 1949 she was promoted to treasurer. In 1941, the company opened its western division in with two sales routes, which would become the prototype for The Frito Company's distribution system. In 1950, Fritos were sold in all 48 states. In 1958, Frito entered the Midwest potato chip market by acquiring the Nicolay Dancey Company, which made New Era potato chips. In 1931, -born salesman (1909–1982) sold potato chips in the Southern United States out of his car. Lay was hired as a salesman for the Barrett Food Products Company, an , manufacturer of Gardner's Potato Chips, and eventually took over Barrett's Nashville warehouse as a distributor. Lay hired his first salesman in 1934, and three years later had 25 employees and a larger manufacturing facility where he produced and peanut butter sandwich crackers. Lay borrowed $30,000 from a bank and persuaded the Barrett Company to take the difference in preferred stock. Lay moved his headquarters to Atlanta and formed H. W. Lay & Company in 1939. He later purchased the Barrett manufacturing plant in , along with additional plants in ; ; and. By 1956, with more than 1,000 employees, plants in eight cities, and branches or warehouses in thirteen others, H. The two companies worked toward national distribution and developed a close business affiliation. , combining their headquarters in Dallas, Texas. At this point, the company's annual revenues totaled $127 million, largely generated from sales of its four main brands at the time: Fritos, Lay's, Cheetos, and Ruffles. and Pepsi-Cola announced a plan for the merger of the two companies. presence grew at the same time, resulting in becoming the first potato chip brand to be sold nationwide (in all 50 U. states) in 1965. In an interview with in 1968, PepsiCo CEO summarized this by noting that "Potato chips make you thirsty; Pepsi satisfies thirst. " Plans to jointly promote the soft drink and snack products were thwarted later that year, when the ruled against it. The most popular new Frito-Lay product launched during this era was Doritos, which initially was positioned as a more flavorful. At first, the chip was perceived by consumers as being too bland. Tostitos Traditional Flavor and Tostitos Nacho Cheese Flavor went into national distribution in the United States by 1980 and reached the sales of $140 million, making it one of the most successful new products introduction in Frito-Lay history. While Tostitos became a long-term success, several other new products launched in the 1980s were discontinued after lackluster results. These short lived Frito-Lay products included Stuffers pre-filled dip shells and Toppels crackers, which came pre-topped with cheese. International sales began to increase significantly at this time as well, with annual revenues from sales outside of the U. and Canada accounting for $500 million in 1989, contributing to total Frito-Lay sales of $3. 5 billion in the same year. Sun Chips, along with new Baked (instead of ) variants of Tostitos and Lay's, represented Frito-Lay's intent to capitalize on an emerging trend among adults in the U. , who were displaying a growing preference for healthier snack alternatives. Similar joint-ventures were arranged in other regions of the world in the 2000s, including in Australia, and and in Mexico. Others maintain their original regional names. For example, chips are a similar product to in the UK and both share similar logo designs. The first of these included Organic Blue Corn Tostitos, Natural Lay's Potato Chips (seasoned with ), and Natural Cheetos White Cheddar Puffs. A new CEO, , was appointed in 2005. In 1967, the company introduced a cartoon spokesman, the , which became the subject of criticism from groups, who expressed concerns that it portrayed a. The Frito Bandito (voiced by ) wore a and , had a , and brandished pistols. Protests from advocacy groups such as The (NMAADC) prompted some initial concessions, such as the removal of the pistols and a thinning of the accent. The Frito Bandito was replaced in 1970 by The Muncha Bunch, and then again by a new cartoon called W. C. In the late 1990s, the use of (GMOs) was rising as a farming practice, as it made for the growth of larger (and thus less expensive to produce) corn crops. Frito-Lay, due in part to its leverage as one of the world's largest purchasers of , became the target of lobbying efforts from both proponents and opponents of GMOs. A similar announcement followed in early 2000, when the company asked its farmers not to grow genetically modified potatoes. Frito-Lay stated these requests were made in response to consumers' worries, and not in response to protests by the OCA, or other groups. A representative of expressed the perspective that this move was a positive step, stating, "Frito-Lay is about two-thirds of PepsiCo's sales. They realize the handwriting is on the wall and that people don't want to eat GMOs". PepsiCo ensures all products meet or exceed stringent safety and quality standards and uses only ingredients that are safe and approved by applicable government and regulatory authorities. Approval of genetically-modified foods differs from country to country regarding both use and labeling. These conditions, which allegedly include forced overtime and 84-hour workweeks, led to a strike involving hundreds of workers at the Topeka location. The strike began on July 5 and ceased on July 23, 2021. The division also maintains 55 production plants. Its is Steven Williams. This operating division is further segmented into Frito-Lay North America, Sabritas, Gamesa, and Latin America Foods. It also contains Quaker Foods North America, although no Frito-Lay products are sold or distributed under that business unit. It also distributes local brands such as Poffets, Rancheritos, Crujitos, and Sabritones. is the largest manufacturer of in Mexico, distributing brands such as Emperador, Chokis, Arcoiris, and Marías Gamesa. Its portfolio of brands includes Lay's, Cheetos, Ruffles, and Doritos, as well as local brands such as Fandangos, Lucky, Stiksy, Pingo d'Ouro, Baconzitos and Torcida snacks in Brazil (sold under the brand ), ManiMoto in Colombia and Pepito in Venezuela. Products include: Walkers Crisps, Doritos, Paw Ridge, Smiths, Cheetos, Duyvis, Snack-a-Jacks, Twistos, and Solinki. Frito-Lay products sold under the division represent the smallest (as of 2010) proportion on a revenue basis. In India, one of these is Twisteez, a potato-based snack food produced in flavors popular in the country such as "Masala Munch". In South Africa, it hired delivery drivers who had grown up in their delivery areas, with the intent of "making the product seem less foreign". Previously, Frito-Lay products were produced by subsidiary PT Indofood Fritolay Makmur (now PT Indofood Fortuna Makmur) until August 2021. Now PepsiCo Indonesia produced Cheetos, Cheetos Puffs, Lay's, Lay's Wavy, and Doritos for the Indonesian market, while Indofood continued to produce Chiki (Balls, Twist, Net, Puffs), Chitato, Chitato Lite, JetZ, Qtela, and Maxicorn for that market. In certain regions of the world, the company's snack food products are produced under regionally specific names such as , and. Kurkure, an Indian snack developed and produced by PepsiCo India, announced on March 31 that it was now available in Canada, UAE, and the Gulf region as well. A Polish version of Lay's also exists in the country, based in. :

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